What is Diversity?
数学において「多様性」とは、「計量空間の概念を一般化したもの」 であるという。ブライアントとタッパー(2012)によると「多方向の計量の 一形態」を多様性であるという。
生物学における多様性とは、生物多様性(bio-diversity)と言 われる。生物多様性とは、ある空間(熱帯雨林の林床に降り注ぐ一滴の水から、生物群集、群系、生態系から大陸や大洋さらには地球全体まで)のなかに存在 する生物種の種類の多さのことをさす概念である。生物多様性には、1)遺伝子の多様性、2)種の多様性、そして、3)生物相あるいは生態系の中における多 様性、の三つの次元で考えるのが一般的である。
領域 |
領域が定義する多様性の意味(英語) |
領域が定義する多様性の意味(日本語) |
ビジネス |
Diversity (business), the
inclusion of people of different identities (ethnicity, gender, age) in
the workforce |
|
マーケティング |
Diversity marketing, marketing
communication targeting diverse customers |
|
マーケティング |
Supplier diversity, the use of
diverse suppliers |
|
政治学 |
Diversity (politics), the
political and social policy of encouraging tolerance for people of
different cultural and racial backgrounds |
|
移民管理 |
Diversity Immigrant Visa or
Green Card Lottery, a United States immigration program |
|
法律・法廷 |
Diversity jurisdiction, a
concept under which U.S. federal courts can hear suits between parties
from different states |
|
雇用 |
Diversity training, the process
of educating people to function in a diverse environment |
|
文化 |
Cultural diversity, the respect
of different cultures and interculturality |
|
障がい、ケア |
Functional diversity
(disability), a term for special needs, disability, impairment and
handicap |
|
老年学 |
Gerodiversity, a multicultural
approach to issues of aging |
|
民族 |
Multiculturalism, or ethnic
diversity, the promotion of multiple ethnic cultures |
|
(ニューロダイヴァーシティ)精神障がいとの共存 |
Neurodiversity, a movement in
support of civil rights of people with atypical neurological
characteristics |
|
ダイヴァーシティ・ファクター(電子) |
Diversity factor, a concept in
electrical engineering |
|
機能的多様性(地理学) |
Functional diversity, a term in
geography |
|
言語的多様性 |
Linguistic diversity |
|
数学 |
Diversity (mathematics), a
generalization of metric space(上掲) |
|
生物多様性 |
Biodiversity, degree of
variation of life forms within an ecosystem(上掲) |
|
作物的多様性 |
Crop diversity, the variance in
genetic and phenotypic characteristics of plants used in agriculture |
|
多様性指数 |
Diversity index, a statistic to
assess the diversity of a population |
|
エコシステム |
Ecosystem diversity, the
diversity of a place at the level of ecosystems |
|
機能的多様性(生態学) |
Functional diversity (ecology),
the elements of biodiversity that influence how ecosystems function |
|
遺伝的多様性 |
Genetic diversity, the total
number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species |
|
ヌクレオチド多様性 |
Nucleotide diversity, a measure
of the degree of polymorphism within a population |
|
系統発生的多様性 |
Phylogenetic diversity, a
measure of biodiversity which incorporates phylogenetic difference
between species |
|
種の多様性 |
Species diversity, the effective
number of species represented in a data set |
|
『ダイヴァーシティ』雑誌名 |
Diversity (journal), an academic
journal published by MDPI |
|
多様な信号の組み合わせ |
Diversity combining, the
combining of multiple received signals into a single improved signal |
|
ダイヴァーシティ利得(ゲイン) |
Diversity gain, the increase in
signal-to-interference ratio due to a diversity scheme |
|
ダイヴァーシティ・スキーム |
Diversity scheme, a method for
improving reliability of a message signal by using multiple
communications channels |
|
アンテナ・ファイヴァーシティ |
Antenna diversity or space
diversity, a method of wireless communication that use two or more
antennas to improve reliability |
|
協働ダイヴァーシティ |
Cooperative diversity, a
multiple antenna technique for improving or maximising total network
channel capacities |
|
サイト・ダイヴァーシティ |
Site diversity, multiple
receivers for satellite communication |
|
時間的ダイヴァーシティ |
Time diversity, a technique used
in digital communication systems |
|
電送ダイヴァーシティ |
Transmit diversity, wireless
communication using signals originating from two or more independent
sources |
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