応用倫理学語彙集
Your friendly glossary of applied ethics
★応用倫理学とは、 道徳的配慮の実践的側面である。私生活や公的生活、専門職、健康、技術、法律、リーダーシップなどにおける現実の行為とその道徳的考察 に関する倫理学である。例えば、生命倫理は、安楽死、希少な医療資源の配分、研究におけるヒト胚の使用など、生命科学における道徳的問題に対する最善のア プローチを特定することに関わる。環境倫理学は、公害を浄化する政府や企業の責任など、生態系の問題を扱う。企業倫理には、一般市民や雇用主に対する内部 告発者の義務も含まれる。
New
waves in applied ethics / edited by Jesper Ryberg, Thomas S. Petersen,
and Clark Wolf, New York : Palgrave Macmillan , 2007. - (New waves in
philosophy) |
|
Animals : equality for animals /
Nils Holtug Computers : information ethics and the foundation of computer ethics / Luciano Floridi Discrimination : discrimination : what is it and what makes it morally wrong? / Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen Freedom of speech : why freedom of speech includes hate speech / Daniel Jacobson Health : developing world health issues / Udo Schuklenk and Peter Sy Human enhancement : ethical issues in human enhancement / Nick Bostrom and Rebecca Roache Migration : migration, territoriality and culture / Michael Blake and Mathias Risse Poverty : poverty reduction and equality with strong incentives : the brighter side of false needs / Nir Eyal Punishment : victim restitution : for what and to whom? / Jesper Ryberg Sports : prohibiting drugs in sports : an enhanced proposal / Thomas Søbirk Petersen and Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen War : the ethics of war : three recent controversies / Brian Orend |
動物 : 動物にとっての平等 / ニルス・ホルトゥグ コンピュータ : 情報倫理とコンピュータ倫理の基礎 / ルチアーノ・フローリディ 差別 : 差別とは何か?/ カスパー・リッパート=ラスムッセン 言論の自由 : なぜ言論の自由がヘイトスピーチを含むのか / ダニエル・ジェイコブソン 健康 : 発展途上国の健康問題 / Udo Schuklenk and Peter Sy ヒューマン・エンハンスメント : 人間強化における倫理的問題 / ニック・ボストロム、 レベッカ・ローチェ 移住 : 移住、領土、文化 / マイケル・ブレイク、マティアス・リッセ 貧困 : 強力なインセンティブによる貧困削減と平等 : 偽りのニーズの明るい側面 / Nir Eyal 刑罰 : 被害者の返還 : 何のために、誰に?/ イェスパー・ライバーグ スポーツ : スポーツにおける薬物禁止 : 強化された提案 / Thomas Søbirk Petersen and Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen 戦争 : 戦争の倫理 : 最近の3つの論争 / Brian Orend |
内容説明 This book contains work by the best scholars working in Applied Ethics, including a range of studies on relevant topics such as the environment, human enhancement, war and poverty. For researchers and students of this fascinating area of the discipline, the text provides a unique snapshot of current cutting-edge work in the field and its future. 目次 Foreword Animals: Equality for Animals N.Holtug Computers: Information Ethics and the Foundation of Computer Ethics L.Floridi Discrimination: What it is and What Makes it Morally Wrong K.Lippert-Rasmussen Freedom of Speech: Why Freedom of Speech Includes Hate Speech D.Jacobsen Health: Developing World Health Issues U.Schuklenk & P.Sy Human Enhancement: Ethical Issues in Human Enhancement N.Brostrom & R.Roache Migration: Migration, Territoriality and Culture M.Risse & M.Black Poverty: Poverty-Reduction, Incentives and the Brighter Side of False Needs N.Eyal Punishment: Restitutionism: For What and to Whom J.Ryberg War B.Orend Sports: Prohibiting Drugs in Sports: An Enhanced Proposal T.Petersen & K.Lippert-Rasmussen |
the NIH's Bioethics Resources on the Web!
Abortion
Accounting and business ethics
Acts and omissions
Addiction
Adoption
Advance directives
Advertising
Affirmative Action
Ageism
Agricultural Ethics
AIDS in the developing world
AIDS: Ethical Issues in
Healthcare
Altruism and economics
Animal research
Animal Rights
Anthropocentrism
Appearance, Ethics of
Applied ethics, Challenges to
Applied ethics, Overview
Archaeological Ethics
Aristotelian ethics
Arts, The
Auditing practices
Authority in education
Autonomy
Benefit sharing
Biobanks
Biocentrism
Biodiversity
Bioethics, Overview
Bioinformatics and Ethics
Biometric Technologies, Ethical
Implications
Biopower (Foucault)
Biotechnology
Bioterrorism
Border control/asylum seekers
Brain death
Broadcast Journalism
Buddhism
Business ethics and gender issues
Business Ethics and the Quality of life
Business ethics, Overview
Business Practices and Agent Virtue
Capital Punishment
Care, Ethics of Casuistry
Censorship
Changing Concepts of Race in the Age of Genomics
Child Abuse
Children's Rights
Christian ethics, Protestant
Christian ethics, Roman Catholic
Citizenship
Civil disobedience
Civilian populations in war,
Targeting of Climate change
Clinical ethics
Cloning
Codes of ethics
Coercive treatment in psychiatry
Collective guilt
Communication ethics
Communitarianism
Community Roles in Consent to Research and Research without Individual Informed Consent
Complementary medicine
Computer and information ethics
Computer security
Confidentiality of Sources in Social Research
Confidentiality, General issues of Conflict of interest
Confucian Qing-Based Morality
Conjoined twins
Conscientious objection
Consequentialism and deontology
Consumer rights
Contractarian ethics
Corporate Governance
Corporate responsibility
Corporations, Ethics in Cosmetic surgery
Cosmopolitanism
Crime and society
Custody of children
Cyborgs
Daoism (Taoism)
Darwinism
Death, Definition of
Death, Medical aspects of
Death, Social attitudes towards
Deep Ecology
Defences at criminal law
Democracy
Dental Ethics
Developing world bioethics
Development ethics
Development Issues, Environmental
Dignity
Disability, Definition Within Law and Society
Disaster Relief
Discourse ethics
Discrimination, Concept of
Distributive justice, Theories of
Divorce
Do-not -resuscitate decisions
Drugs: Moral and legal issues
Dual use of biotechnology
Ecological Balance
Economic ethics: an overview
Economic Globalization and Ethico-Political Rights
Economies and Trust
Ectogenesis
Egoism and altruism
Elderly, Social attitudes towards
Election strategies
Electronic surveillance
Embryology, Ethics of
Environmental compliance by industry
Environmental Economics
Environmental Ethics, Overview
Environmental Impact Assessment
Environmental justice
Epicureanism
Equality and egalitarianism
Ethical experiments
Ethical expertise in policy
Ethical Issues in Genetic databases
Ethical issues in the Payment of research subjects
Ethics and Education: Civil Education
Ethics and Policy
Ethics and Social Services, Overview
Ethics and the Built Environment
Ethics of a Sustainable World
Population in 100 Years
Ethics of Affordable Housing
Ethics of Anatomy
Ethics of Clinical/Randomised trials
Ethics of Technology, Overview
Ethnocultural minority groups, Status and treatment of
Eugenics
Euthanasia (physician-assisted suicide)
Everyday ethics
Evidence-based medicine
Evil, Problem of
Evolutionary perspectives on ethics
Executive com pensation
Existentialism
Exploitation
Family, The
Female circumcision and genital mutilation
Feminist ethics
Fetal research
Fetus
Food ethics
Freedom of Expression
Freudianism
Friendship
Functional Foods and Personalised Nutrition
Gaia Hypothesis
Gambling in the United States
Game theory
Gender roles
Gene therapy
Genetic Ancestry
Genetic counseling
Genetic Engineering (of human beings)
Genetic exceptionalism
Genetic screening
Genetics and behaviour
Genetics and crime
Genetics and insurance
Global access to knowledge
Global ethics, Overview
Global Ethics: Approaches
Global Public Goods
Greek ethics, Overview
Gun control
Health and disease, Concepts of
Health impact assessment
Health Technology Assessment
Hedonism
Hermeneutics
Hinduism
Homelessness
Homicide, Criminal
Homosexuality, Societal attitudes toward
Human Enhancement
Human Genome Project
Human nature, Views of
Human Research Subjects, Selection of
Human Rights
Humanism
Imperialism
Improper payments and gifts
Indigenous rights
Infectious diseases (e.g. SARS)
Infertility
Information gathering and use for population health
Informed consent
Innovation (definition of)
Intellectual property rights
Intelligence testing
Intrinsic and Instrumental Value
Islam
Journalism Ethics
Judaism
Jury conduct
Just War Theory
Justice in international research
Juvenile crime
Kantianism
Land Use Issues
Leadership, Ethics of
Liberalism
Life, Concept of
Literature and Ethics
Loyalty
Machiavellianism
Marxism and ethics
Media Depiction of Ethnic
Minorities
Media Organizations as Social Institutions
Media Ownership
Medical codes and oaths
Medical ethics, History of
Medical ethics, Use of empirical evidence in
Medical futility
Medical humanities
Mental Disorder, Concept of
Mercy and forgiveness
Military Ethics (was Military codes of behaviour)
Mobility (migration)
Mobility (transport)
Moral development
Moral Particularism
Moral relativism
Multidisciplinary approaches to ethics
Nanotechnology
Native American cultures
Nature versus nurture
Needs and Justice
Neuro-ethics/Brain-imaging
Normative Coherence (theory of)
Nuclear Deterrence
Nuclear Testing
Nuclear Warfare
Nursing
Nutrigenomics
Obesity
Objectivity in Reporting
Open source software
Organ Donation and Transplantation
Organisations and guidelines (UNESCO, HUGO)
Pacifism
Paedophilia
Painism
Palliative care
Parliamentary ethics
Patents
Paternalism
Patients' rights
Perfectionism
Personal Relationships
Personalised medicine
Personalism
Persuasive technology
Pharmacogenetics
Physiotherapy, Ethics of
Placebo treatment
Plagiarism and Forgery
Platonism
Playing God
Police Accountability
Police and Race Relations
Political correctness
Political Ecology
Political obligation
Pornography
Posthuman
""Posthuman
or post-human is a concept originating in the fields of science
fiction, futurology, contemporary art, and philosophy that literally
means a person or entity that exists in a state beyond being human. The
concept addresses questions of ethics and justice, language and
trans-species communication, social systems, and the intellectual
aspirations of interdisciplinarity. Posthumanism is not to be confused
with transhumanism (the nanobiotechnological enhancement of human
beings) and narrow definitions of the posthuman as the hoped-for
transcendence of materiality.[1] The notion of the posthuman comes up
both in posthumanism as well as transhumanism, but it has a special
meaning in each tradition. In 2017, Penn State University Press in
cooperation with Stefan Lorenz Sorgner and James Hughes (sociologist)
established the "Journal of Posthuman Studies" in which all aspects of
the concept "posthuman" can be analysed. [2]""- 1. Ferrando, Francesca
"The Body" in Post- and Transhumanism: an Introduction. Peter Lang,
Frankfurt: 2014.; 2. Journal of Posthuman Studies - NICK BOSTROM, 2005,
In Defense of Posthuman Dignity,
Bioethics, Vol. 19, No. 3, pp. 202-214.
Posthumanism
"PosthumanismP
or post-humanism (meaning "after humanism" or "beyond humanism") is a
term with at least seven definitions according to philosopher Francesca
Ferrando:[1] 1.Antihumanism:
any theory that is critical of traditional humanism and traditional
ideas about humanity and the human condition.[2] 2. Cultural
posthumanism:
a branch of cultural theory critical of the foundational assumptions of
humanism and its legacy[3] that examines and questions the historical
notions of "human" and "human nature", often challenging typical
notions of human subjectivity and embodiment[4] and strives to move
beyond archaic concepts of "human nature" to develop ones which
constantly adapt to contemporary technoscientific knowledge.[5] 3. Philosophical posthumanism:
a philosophical direction which draws on cultural posthumanism, the
philosophical strand examines the ethical implications of expanding the
circle of moral concern and extending subjectivities beyond the human
species. 4. Posthuman condition:
the deconstruction of the human condition by critical theorists.[6]. 5.
Transhumanism:
an ideology and movement which seeks to develop and make available
technologies that eliminate aging and greatly enhance human
intellectual, physical, and psychological capacities, in order to
achieve a "posthuman future".[7] 6. AI
takeover:
A more pessimistic alternative to transhumanism in which humans will
not be enhanced, but rather eventually replaced by artificial
intelligences. Some philosophers, including Nick Land, promote the view
that humans should embrace and accept their eventual demise.[8] This is
related to the view of "cosmism", which supports the building of strong
artificial intelligence even if it may entail the end of humanity, as
in their view it "would be a cosmic tragedy if humanity freezes
evolution at the puny human level".[9][10][11]. 7. Voluntary Human Extinction, which
seeks a "posthuman future" that in this case is a future without
humans."
Poststructuralism
Poverty
Pragmatism
Preimplantation genetic diagnosis
Preventive Medicine
Principlism
Privacy, Challenges to
Professional ethics
Property Rights
Prostitution
Proteomics
Psychiatric ethics
Psychosurgery and physical brain manipulation
Public Engagement in Science and Technology
Public health ethics
Publish-or-Perish Syndrome
Racism
Rape
Reality TV
Regenerative medicine
Regulation and Censorship in the Internet age
Religion and ethics
Religion in schools
Reproductive technologies, Overview
Reputation management by corporations
Research ethics committees
Research ethics, Clinical
Research funding and academic freedom
Research Governance
Resource allocation
Responsibility
Right to know and right not to know
Rights theory
Risk Governance in a Complex World
Safety Laws
Saviour siblings
Science and
Engineering Ethics, Overview
Scientific Publications
Scientific responsibility and misconduct
Self-deception
Sen's "Capabilities" and Economic Welfare
Sex equality
Sex selection
Sexism
Sexual Content in Films and Television
Sexual orientation
Sikhism
Slavery
Slippery slope arguments
Social ethics, Overview
Social Network Media: The Ethical Maze of Participation
Social Responsibility Principle
Social Security
Social Welfare: Provision and Finance
Social work
Socially responsible investment
Solidarity
Space ethics
Speciesism
Sports, Ethics of
Stem Cells
Stewardship
Stoicism
Strikes
Suggestion, Ethics of
Suicide (not assisted)
Sustainability
Synthetic Biology
Tabloid Journalism
Technology assessment as an analytic and democratic practice
Technology Transfer
Terrorism
The Ethics of Privacy
The ethics of virtual communities
The Precautionary Principle
Theories of ethics, Overview
Theories of justice: Rawls
Therapeutic misconception
Thomism
Tourism
Trade Law and Globalization
"Transhumanism (abbreviated as H+ or h+) is an international philosophical movement that advocates for the transformation of the human condition by developing and making widely available sophisticated technologies to greatly enhance human intellect and physiology. Transhumanist thinkers study the potential benefits and dangers of emerging technologies that could overcome fundamental human limitations as well as the ethical limitations of using such technologies. The most common transhumanist thesis is that human beings may eventually be able to transform themselves into different beings with abilities so greatly expanded from the current condition as to merit the label of posthuman beings. The contemporary meaning of the term "transhumanism" was foreshadowed by one of the first professors of futurology, FM-2030, who taught "new concepts of the human" at The New School in the 1960s, when he began to identify people who adopt technologies, lifestyles and worldviews "transitional" to posthumanity as "transhuman". The assertion would lay the intellectual groundwork for the British philosopher Max More to begin articulating the principles of transhumanism as a futurist philosophy in 1990, and organizing in California an intelligentsia that has since grown into the worldwide transhumanist movement. Influenced by seminal works of science fiction, the transhumanist vision of a transformed future humanity has attracted many supporters and detractors from a wide range of perspectives, including philosophy and religion" - transhumanism, by wikipedia
Transsexualism
Trust
Truth Telling as Constitutive of Journalism
Undercover investigations, Ethics of
Use of Historical Evidence in Medical Ethics
Utilitarianism
Vegetarianism
Veterinary
Medical Ethics
Victimless crimes
Violence in Films and Television
Virtue ethics
Warfare, Codes of
Welfare Policies
Whistle-blowing
Wildlife Conservation
Women's Rights
Workplace
ethics: Issues for human service professionals in the
New Millennium
Xenotransplantation
Zoos and Zoological Parks
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