Tests on Students
For his dissertation project in psychology, Yuuma is studying new approaches to strengthen memory. He can apply these techniques to create interactive Web-based instructional modules. He plans to test these modules with students in a general psychology course for which he is a teaching assistant. He expects that student volunteers who use the modules will subsequently perform better on examinations than other students. He hopes to publish the results in a conference proceedings on research in learning, because he plans to apply for an academic position after he completes the doctorate.
1.Should Yuuma seek IRB (Institutional Reiew Board) approval for his research project with human participants?
2.What do students need to be told about Yuuma’s project? Do they need to give formal informed consent?
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Institutional review board (definition); "An institutional review board
(IRB), also known as an independent ethics committee (IEC), ethical
review board (ERB), or research ethics board (REB), is a type of
committee that applies research ethics by reviewing the methods
proposed for research to ensure that they are ethical. Such boards are
formally designated to approve (or reject), monitor, and review
biomedical and behavioral research involving humans. They often conduct
some form of risk-benefit analysis in an attempt to determine whether
or not research should be conducted. The purpose of the IRB is to
assure that appropriate steps are taken to protect the rights and
welfare of humans participating as subjects in a research study. Along
with developed countries, many developing countries have established
national, regional or local Institutional Review Boards in order to
safeguard ethical conduct of research concerning both national and
international norms, regulations or codes." -Institutional review board.
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Tests on Students in Japanese（Research_Ethics07.html）
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| For experiments involving human
subjects, it is essential to apply for and receive approval from the
Institutional Review Board (IRB), or Ethics Committee. He should be careful about his prediction that "student volunteers who use the modules will subsequently perform better on examinations than other students." Yuuma needs to be a little more serious about objective procedures, because preaching utility to the subjects will affect the experimental conditions. Of course, he also has to explain the risk of negative effects of the experiment. In the first place, there is a potential "conflict of interest, COI" between a program for getting good grades on exams, memory enhancement, and recruiting volunteers for one's class - that is, the expectation or action of volunteers that applying in class will improve their grades, regardless of the effectiveness of the program. There is a risk of conflict of interest in the use of the program unless there is objective evidence that the expectations and actions of the volunteers that they will improve their grades by applying in class, regardless of whether the program is effective or not, do not make a difference in the objective grading of the students who do not apply. There are ethical issues involved in recruiting students, and this means that even with some planning, Yuma would have to approve potential ethical issues with his mentor, who would recommend that he submit a prior ethics request to the ethics committee. In modern society, there are aspects that require memory consolidation, such as passing exams, and there are negative functions of good memory retention, such as the treatment of trauma, in order to manage, recombine, and moderately forget memories. Yuuma seems to have lacked consideration for this. |
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Notes: This case example is cited and codified from "US National Academy of Sciences, On Being a Scientist: A Guide to Responsible Conduct in Research: Third Edition, 2009."
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