The Fog of War:
Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara 授業資料
The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara 授業資料
"Robert Strange McNamara (June 9, 1916 -- July 6, 2009) was an American business executive and the eighth Secretary of Defense, serving under Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson from 1961 to 1968. Following that he served as President of the World Bank from 1968 until 1981. McNamara was responsible for the institution of systems analysis in public policy, which developed into the discipline known today as policy analysis."
"The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara is a 2003 American documentary film about the life and times of former U.S. Secretary of Defense, Robert S. McNamara. The film was directed by Errol Morris and the original score is by Philip Glass."
"The title is a reference to the military phrase fog of war, a concept of battlefield uncertainty during the fighting. It won the Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Documentary Feature. It was screened out of competition at the 2003 Cannes Film Festival."
Keywords:
United States Cabinet conversation, the eighty-five-year-old Robert McNamara, fog of war, the First World War, WWII, Whiz Kid military officer, Ford Motor Company, Secretary of Defense, Cuban Missile Crisis, the American Vietnam War, J.F. Kennedy, L..B. Johnson, Wilson's Ghost (with James G. Blight; his book, 2001)
授業開設時のキーワード
内閣、大統領制、首相、上院／下院、衆議院／参議院、三権分立、軍隊＝合法的な国家の暴力装 置、戦争の霧、第一次大戦、戦争を止めさせる戦い（＝参戦）、民族［国民］自決権、ウッドロー・ウィルソン、正戦［論］、戦争の神童将校たち、戦争後の 「戦争状態」あるいは経済という戦争、国務長官、キューバミサイル危機、ベトナム戦争、ジョン・エフ・ケネディ、リンドン・ジョンソン、『ウィルソンの亡 霊』
マクナマラの１１のレッスン
R.S. McNamara's eleven lessons of war
1. Empathize with your enemy 相手の身になって考えよ
2. Rationality will not save us 合理性は我が身を助けない
3. There's something beyond one's self 個我を超えた何かがある
4. Maximize efficiency 効率性の最大化
5. Proportionality should be a guideline in war 戦いのガイドラインを身の丈に合ったものにすべきだ
6. Get the data データを得よ
7. Belief and seeing are often both wrong 信条と目撃はしばしば当てにならない
8. Be prepared to re-examine your reasoning 君の理由づけをいつも再検討できるようにせよ
9. In order to do good, you may have to engage in evil 良いことを為すために、悪いことをしでかすこともある
10. Never say never 決してしないと決して言うべきではない
11. You can't change human nature 人間の本性を変えることはできない
ロバート・ストレンジ・マクナマラの年譜（1916-2009）
1850: His father's family was Irish and in about 1850, following the Great Irish Famine, had emigrated to Massachusetts and later to California.
1916: Born in San Francisco, California
1933: Graduated from Piedmont High School in Piedmont, California
1937: University of California, Berkeley, with a Bachelor of Arts in economics with minors in mathematics and philosophy.
1939: MBA from the Harvard Business School (the accounting firm Price Waterhouse in San Francisco)
1940: Teaches accounting in the Business School and became the highest paid and youngest Assistant Professor
1943: Teaches analytical approaches used in business to officers of the Army Air Forces (AAF): the Armed Forces as a captain: analysis of U.S. bombers' efficiency and effectiveness, especially the B-29 forces commanded by Major General Curtis LeMay in China and the Mariana Islands.
1946: Left active duty: Joined Ford Motor Company owing to the influence of Charles "Tex" Thornton Mid-1950s: opposed Ford's planned Edsel automobile and worked to stop the program
1959-1960: Ford Falcon sedan
1961: terminating the Lincoln after the very large 1958 through 1960 models, and made the smaller Lincoln Continental
1960: November 9, became the first president of Ford from outside the family of Henry Ford
1960: Secretary of Defense to former secretary Robert A. Lovett
1961: March 28, reorientation of the defense program. Kennedy rejected the concept of first-strike attack to flexible response strategy:
December 1961 he established the United States Strike Command (STRICOM)
1962: In October, Cuban Missile Crisis.
1963: In November 22, John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas. Lyndon B. Johnson succeed to 36th President & 37th (1963-1969)
1964: In August, the Gulf of Tonkin Incident
1967: November 29: Announced that he would become President of the World Bank.
1968: February 29, Resignation: President of the World Bank (-1981)
1993: Deborah Shapley published a biography entitled Promise and Power: the Life and Times of Robert McNamara.
2003: The Fog of War: Eleven Lessons from the Life of Robert S. McNamara
2009: Died at 93
Source:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Fog_of_War （May 18, 2010）
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_McNamara (May 18, 2010)
Copyright Mitzub'ixi, 2010
