Subjectivity and Quality of your Pain
■痛みの主観性と質感
「その痛みは意識のうえで経験されるかぎりにおいて存在する。したがって、それはある意味でまったく「主観的」であって「客観的」ではない。さらに、その 痛みには質的な感じがともなっている。意識のうえの痛みは、少なくとも主観性と質感という2つの特徴をそなえている」(サール 2006:16)
■他方「客観的」と表現される痛みの分類は以下のごとくである(→「痛みの文化人類学」)。
WHOは痛みを次の3つに分類する。
●痛みの認知的介入
Nisbett, Richard E. Schachter, Stanley(1966) The cognitive manipulation of pain.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2(3), 227-236. (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-1031(66)90081-3)
"The experiment tests
the notion that naturally occurring states of physiological arousal are
manipulable in the same way that drug-induced arousal states have
proven to be. The state of arousal studied is that produced by pain
from electric shock. All Ss were given a placebo before the shock
experience and ½ were told that the side effects would cause arousal
symptoms such as palpitation, tremor, etc. The other ½ expected no such
symptoms. Ss believing themselves to be in an artificial state of
arousal failed to attribute their shock-created arousal to the shock,
and found the shock less painful and were willing to tolerate more of
it. This relabeling of a naturally occurring state was shown to occur
only for Ss in a relatively low state of fear. (PsycINFO Database
Record (c) 2017 APA, all rights reserved)"
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