ロラン・バルト
ロラン・バルト
1915 11月12日シェルブール（Cherbourg in Normandy）に生まれ、バイヨンヌ（Bayonne）に育つ。Henriette Barthes, and his aunt and grandmother raised him in the village of Urt and the city of Bayonne.（以下の記述はウィキペディア「ロ ラン・バルト（Roland Barthes, 1915-1980）」による）
1926
When Barthes was eleven, his family moved to Paris, though his
attachment to his provincial roots would remain strong throughout his
life.
1935 -1939 University of Paris, the Sorbonne: （licence in classical literature）
1939 - 断続的に、結核のための療養がはじまる；His life from 1939 to 1948 was largely spent obtaining a licence in grammar and philology, publishing his first papers, taking part in a medical study, and continuing to struggle with his health. He received a diplôme d'études supérieures (roughly equivalent to an MA thesis) from the University of Paris in 1941 for his work in Greek tragedy. その前にa licence in grammar and philologyを取得している。
1941 diplôme d'études supérieures (roughly equivalent to an MA thesis) from the University of Paris in 1941 for his work in Greek tragedy.
1947 Jean-Paul Sartre. Sartre's What Is Literature?_Qu'est-ce que la littérature?
1948 [H]e returned to purely academic work, gaining numerous short-term positions at institutes in France, Romania, and Egypt. During this time, he contributed to the leftist Parisian paper Combat, out of which grew his first full-length work, Writing Degree Zero (1953).
1953 -1954 Barthes settled at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), where he studied lexicology and sociology.
1952 -1959
During his seven-year period there, he began to write a popular series of bi-monthly essays for the magazine Les Lettres Nouvelles, in which he dismantled myths of popular culture (gathered in the Mythologies collection that was published in 1957). Consisting of fifty-four short essays, mostly written between 1954–1956, Mythologies were acute reflections of French popular culture ranging from an analysis on soap detergents to a dissection of popular wrestling.
This web-page is dedicated to the memory of the Ariya', 1973-2018
The_World_of_Wrestling-roland-barthes-mythologies.pdf
with password
1953 Le degré zéro de l'écriture
"Barthes argues that conventions inform both language and style, rendering neither purely creative. Instead, form, or what Barthes calls "writing" (the specific way an individual chooses to manipulate conventions of style for a desired effect), is the unique and creative act. A writer's form is vulnerable to becoming a convention, however, once it has been made available to the public. This means that creativity is an ongoing process of continual change and reaction."
1954
Michelet par lui-même, images et textes présentés par Roland Barthes, Paris. : Éditions du Seuil
"In
Michelet, a critical analysis of the French historian Jules Michelet,
Barthes developed these notions, applying them to a broader range of
fields. He argued that Michelet's views of history and society are
obviously flawed. In studying his writings, he continued, one should
not seek to learn from Michelet's claims; rather, one should maintain a
critical distance and learn from his errors, since understanding how
and why his thinking is flawed will show more about his period of
history than his own observations. Similarly, Barthes felt that
avant-garde writing should be praised for its maintenance of just such
a distance between its audience and itself. In presenting an obvious
artificiality rather than making claims to great subjective truths,
Barthes argued, avant-garde writers ensure that their audiences
maintain an objective perspective. In this sense, Barthes believed that
art should be critical and should interrogate the world, rather than
seek to explain it, as Michelet had done"
1957 Mythologies；Knowing little English, Barthes taught at Middlebury College in 1957 and befriended the future English translator of much of his work, Richard Howard, that summer in New York City
1959 Am Nullpunkt der Literatur ; Objektive Literatur : zwei Essays / Roland Barthes, Hamburg : Claassen , [1959]
1960s
"Barthes
spent the early 1960s exploring the fields of semiology and
structuralism, chairing various faculty positions around France, and
continuing to produce more full-length studies. Many of his works
challenged traditional academic views of literary criticism and of
renowned figures of literature. His unorthodox thinking led to a
conflict with a well-known Sorbonne professor of literature, Raymond
Picard, who attacked the French New Criticism (a label that he
inaccurately applied to Barthes) for its obscurity and lack of respect
towards France's literary roots. Barthes' rebuttal in Criticism and
Truth (1966) accused the old, bourgeois criticism of a lack of concern
with the finer points of language and of selective ignorance towards
challenging theories, such as Marxism." - Roland Barthes.
1962 la VIe section de l'École pratique des hautes études（https://www.ephe.fr/）.
1963 Les romans de Robbe-Grillet / Bruce Morrissette ; préface de Roland Barthes./ Sur Racine, Roland Barthes.
1964
Essais Critiques; La Tour Eiffel
1965 零度の文学 / ロラン・バルト著 ; 森本和夫訳
1966
Critique et vérité
1967 Système de la mode
1967 La mort de l'auteur - The Death of the Author.
"[T]he 1967 essay "The Death of the Author," which, in light of the growing influence of Jacques Derrida's deconstruction, would prove to be a transitional piece in its investigation of the logical ends of structuralist thought."
神話作用 / ロラン・バルト著 ; 篠沢秀夫訳
1968
Elements of semiology / Roland Barthes ; Translated from the French by
Annette Lavers and Colin Smith / Writing degree zero, Roland
Barthes ; preface by Susan Sontag ; translated by Annette Lavers, Colin
Smith
1970 S/Z, L'Empire des signes.
"Barthes continued to contribute with Philippe Sollers to the avant-garde literary magazine Tel Quel, which was developing similar kinds of theoretical inquiry to that pursued in Barthes' writings. In 1970, Barthes produced what many consider to be his most prodigious work,the dense, critical reading of Balzac's Sarrasine entitled S/Z. Throughout the 1970s, Barthes continued to develop his literary criticism; he developed new ideals of textuality and novelistic neutrality. In 1971, he served as visiting professor at the University of Geneva."
"In
1975 he wrote an autobiography titled Roland Barthes and in 1977 he was
elected to the chair of Sémiologie Littéraire at the Collège de France.
In the same year, his mother, Henriette Barthes, to whom he had been
devoted, died, aged 85. They had lived together for 60 years. The loss
of the woman who had raised and cared for him was a serious blow to
Barthes. His last major work, Camera Lucida, is partly an essay about
the nature of photography and partly a meditation on photographs of his
mother. The book contains many reproductions of photographs, though
none of them are of Henriette."
1972 Nouveaux Essais critiques
1973 Le Plaisir du texte
1975
Roland Barthes par Roland Barthes
1977 コレージュ・ド・フランス教授（the chair of Sémiologie Littéraire at the Collège de France.）；Fragments d"un discours amoureux
1978
1980 2月25日、交通事故。；La Chambre claire
1980 3月26日死亡；LE GRAIN DE LA VOIX Entretiens 1962-1980
1982 L"Obvie et l"obtus
1984 Le Bruissement de la langue
1987
Incidents
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