レヴィ=ストロース『仮面の道』研究ノート
La voie des masques
地震の神(→鯰絵, 243)、クウェクウェ仮面(→スワイフウェ,
p.72,
79)、クワクワカワク、ニューヨークアメリカ自
然史博物館蔵 |
〈ゾノクワ〉の仮面(43X34CM)。クワクワカワク。1870-
1880年頃作成。ヤコブセンコレクション、ベルリン人類学博物館 |
第1部 仮面の道
第一巻
第二巻
第2部 三つの小さな旅
2-1 スワイフウェを超えて
2-2 クワキウトル族の社会組織
2-3 仮面の裏側
注など
冒 頭の長い彼のノートの記述……
左 より:民族分布、民族分布(L=Sの著作より)、スワイフウェ仮面の呼称の多様性
トリンギット |
Tlingit |
The Tlingit (/ˈklɪŋkɪt/ or
/ˈtlɪŋɡɪt/; also spelled Tlinkit; ) are indigenous peoples of the
Pacific Northwest Coast of North America.[2] Their language is the
Tlingit language (natively Lingít, pronounced [ɬɪ̀nkɪ́tʰ]),[3] in which
the name means "People of the Tides".[4] The Russian name Koloshi (from
a Sugpiaq-Alutiiq term kulut'ruaq for the labret worn by women) or the
related German name Koulischen may be encountered referring to the
people in older historical literature, such as Shelikhov's 1796 map of
Russian America.[5] The Tlingit have a matrilineal kinship system, with
children considered born into the mother's clan, and property and
hereditary roles passing through the mother's line.[6] Their culture
and society developed in the temperate rainforest of the southeast
Alaska coast and the Alexander Archipelago. The Tlingit maintained a
complex hunter-gatherer culture based on semi-sedentary management of
fisheries.[7] An inland group, known as the Inland Tlingit, inhabits
the far northwestern part of the province of British Columbia and the
southern Yukon Territory in Canada. |
ハイダ |
Haida people |
Haida
(English: /ˈhaɪdə/, Haida: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat) are a nation
and ethnic group native to, or otherwise associated with, Haida Gwaii
(an archipelago located off the west coast of Canada and immediately
south of Alaska) meaning "Coming out of concealment" or sometimes
"island of the People", and the Haida language.
The Haida are known for their craftsmanship, trading skills, and
seamanship. They are thought to have been warlike and to practise
slavery. Anthropologist Diamond Jenness has compared the Haida to
Vikings while Haida have replied saying that Vikings are like Haida.[2]
In Haida Gwaii, the Haida government consists of a matrix of national
and regional hereditary, legislative, and executive bodies including
the Hereditary Chiefs Council, the Council of the Haida Nation (CHN),
Old Massett Village Council, Skidegate Band Council, and the
Secretariat of the Haida Nation. These are based in the archipelago of
Haida Gwaii (formerly the Queen Charlotte Islands) outside the
territorial seas of Canada off of northern British Columbia, Canada.
The Kaigani Haida live north of the Canadian and US border which cuts
through the Dixon Entrance on Prince of Wales Island (Tlingit: Taan) in
Southeast Alaska, United States; Haida from Kiis Gwaii in the Duu Guusd
region of the Haida Gwaii migrated north in the early 1700s. Following
the accidental death of a Haida by a Tlingiit the Haida were formally
given territories by the Tlingiit governments. Haida have occupied
Haida Gwaii since at least 14,000 BP, and evidence has shown that there
has been constant habitation on the islands for at least 6000 years.
Pollen fossils and oral histories both confirm that Haida ancestors
were present when the first tree, a Lodgepole pine, arrived at SG̱uuluu
Jaads Saahlawaay, the westernmost of the Swan Islands located in Gwaii
Haanas.[3] |
ツィムシアン |
Tsimshian |
|
ベラ・クーラ |
Bella Coola |
|
クワクワカワク |
Kwakwaka’wakw |
|
ヌートカ |
Nootka |
|
サリッシュ |
Salish |
|
From,
City of Vancouver,"First Peoples: A Guide for Newcomers,"
2014
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